Apparatus for preventing static interference in radiosignaling



2 A 1 31"? 1,42m133 g mfigfi R r? If I J R. A. WEAGANT. i T APPARATUSFOR PREVENTING STATIC INTERFERENCE IN RADIOSIGNALING- x v APPLICATIONFILED DEC I2, IQIT- v 1,426,133, Patentd Aug. 15, 1922.

. I/WENTOI? BY I h A TTORNEY-S'.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROY A. WEAG-ANT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TORADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING STATIC INTERFERENCE IN RADIOSIGNALING.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug, 15, 1922.

Application filed December 12, 1917. Serial No. 206,723.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RoY ALEXANDER WEAGANT, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and residing at Douglas Manor, county of Queens, city and Stateof New York, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatusfor Preventing Static Interference in Radiosignaling, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to the art of radio signaling and has for itsprincipal object the provision of improved receiving apparatus forreducing or preventing static interference.

In its preferred embodiment my invention is an improvement over theapparatus in my prior pending application Serial No. 181,458, filed July19, 1917.

I have found by experiment, as set out in detail in my said application,that atmospheric disturbances act as though propagated in a verticaldirection only, whereas commercial radio signal waves travelhorizontally or have a large horizontal component of motion.Consequently,static disturbances act simultaneously on the parts of acollector system which may be at the same height while commercial radiowaves act simultaneously on those portions of a collector or antennasystem which lie in a plane at right angles to the line of travel of thewaves. In my said application I have shown means whereby the effects ofthe atmospheric disturbances upon two parts of a collector or antennasystem may be caused to neutralize each other, while the effects of thesignal waves act cumulatively on the receiving instrument owing largelytothe fact that the antenna or collector system comprises portions whichare spaced apart along the line joining the receiving instruments withthe source of the signal waves' My present invention is an improvementon the apparatus of my said application providing a more simplearrangement in which the ends of a plurality of parts of an antenna orcollector system are conductively connected in such manner as to greatlyreduce the efiect of the atmospheric disturbances on the receivinginstruments. Not only is the arrangement of my present application moresimple, but I obtain even better results therefrom than from my saidprior apparatus.

In the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification,Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic View of a receiving station showlng one form ofapparatus embodying my invention, a divided collector of the generaltype described in my said application being shown associated withreceiving and detecting apparatus.

Fig. 2 of the drawing is a diagrammatic view of a modified form ofapparatus in which an alternative form of antenna is employed and inwhich a different arrangement of adjusting devices is used.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of a third form of apparatus embodying theinvention in which the detector circuit is arranged differently withrespect to the collector sys- Referring more particularly to the drawing1-1 are looped collectors spaced apart horizontally and lying in avertical plane which extends preferably in the direction of motion ofthe received signal waves. The horizontally-extending portions of eachof the collectors 11 should preferably be similar as to horizontalextent and height from the ground in order that impulses set up thereinby vertically-moving radio waves or the vertically-moving components ofsuch waves may be of equal value and occur at substantially the sameinstant. 23 and 4-5 are pairs of leads extending from the collectors 1,the ends of said leads being crossed and conductively joined together.In each lead I prefer to place a, variable condenser such as 6, and avariable inductance such as 7. Coupled to two of the inductances 7 onopposite sides of the point of connection between the leads 23 and 45 Ihave shown a pair of inductances such as 8, which form part of thesecondary receiving circuit and which are in series with a variablecondenser 9 and the grid and filament of a receiver or detector 10 ofany approved typethat shown being a receiver of a vacuum Valve type.This detector is well-known and is described in some detail hereinmerely for convenience of reference. The detector has a plate or coldelectrodell, as well as the filament 12 and grid 13, and the usualheating battery 14 is shown associated with the filament 12. Connectedbetween the filament 12 and plate 11 is a battery 15 in series with atelephone 16 and a variable condenser 17 in shunt with the telephone.Also connected across the plate and filament is an oscillation circuitin parallel with said battery 15 and telephone 16, said oscillationcircuit containing a variable capacity 18 and a variable inductance 19.

Fig. 2 is similar to Fig. 1, except that it has collectors 1 --1 eachhaving a plurality of turns or loops therein, and variable capacitycondensers such as 20 are connected across the leads 2-3 and 4L-5respectively between the collectors and the variable inductances 7,condensers 20 taking the place of the condensers in series such as 6shown in Fig. 1. The secondary circuit with the detecting and indicatingdevices therein is shown in Fig. 2 exactly as in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the same as Fig. 1, with the exception that a single couplingcoil 8 is used in the secondary circuit instead of a pair of coils suchas 8 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

It will be seen from the foregoing that all the arrangements shownembody the principle of my said application and that by reason of thearrangement in each case static disturbances are in effect balanced outor cancelled. That is to say, impulses or electromotive forces set up inthe collectors 1 or 1 simultaneously, as by static disturb ances, aremade to oppose each other, whereas oscillations set up by signal waves,being out of phase, act cumulatively on the detector 9.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A receiving apparatus for wireless signals comprising in combinationa plurality of loop collectors spaced horizontally by an appreciablefraction of a wave length and having their ends so conductivelyconnected that impulses set up simultaneously will oppose each other,and means for adjusting said collectors to the same frequency.

2. In a wireless receiving apparatus in combination a plurality oflooped collectors spaced horizontally by an appreciable fraction of awave length and having their ends so connected conductively that theelectrical impulses produced in one collector by the vertically-movingcomponent of electromagnetic waves is opposed by the impulses producedby said waves in another of said collectors, and means for adjustingsaid collectors to the same frequency.

3. A receiving apparatus for wireless signals comprising in combinationa plurality of looped collectors, spaced horizontally by an appreciablefraction of a wave length, said collectors having the upper horizontalcomponent of one connected to the lower horizontal component of another,and detectiiig means associated with said collectors.

4. receiving apparatus for wireless signals comprising in combination aplurality of collectors effectively spaced horizontally by anappreciable fraction of a wave length, said collectors beingconductively connected so that the horizontal components thereof are inopposition so that electromotive forces due to waves simultaneouslyreceived in such collectors are directly opposed therein, leadsconnected to said collectors including inductance and capacity, anddetecting means as sociated with said collectors.

5. A receiving apparatus for wireless signals comprising in combinationa plurality of loop collectors spaced apart in substantially verticalplanes an appreciable fraction of a wave length, the upper horizontalcomponent of one collector being connected to oppose the lowerhorizontal component of another, and detecting means associated withsaid collectors.

6. A receiving apparatus for wireless signals comprising in combinationa plurality of loop collectors spaced apart in substantially verticalplanes an appreciable fraction of a wave length and in the line ofpropagation of the signal waves, the upper horizontal component ofonecollector being connected to oppose the lower horizontal component ofanother, detecting means associated with said collectors, and variableinductances and capacities connected to said collectors.

7 A receiving apparatus for wireless signals comprising in combination aplurality of collector members having an effective horizontal separationof an appreciable fraction of a wave length, and directly connected sothat electromotive forces set up therein simultaneously will oppose eachother, and means for adjusting said collector members to the samefrequency.

8. A receiving apparatus for wireless signals comprising in combinationa plurality of collectors having an effective horizontal separation ofan appreciable fraction of a wave length, the ends of said collectorsbeing conductively connected so that impulses set up simultaneously willoppose each other, detecting means associated with said collectors, andmeans for adjusting said collectors to the same frequency.

9. In a wireless receiving apparatus in combination, a plurality ofcollectors having an effective horizontal separation of an appreciablefraction of a wave length, the ends of said collectors beingcross-connected so that the electrical impulses produced in onecollector by the vertically-moving component of electro-magnetic wavesis opposed by the impulses produced by said waves in another of saidcollectors, detecting means associated with said collectors and meansfor adjusting said collectors to the same frequency.

10. A receiving apparatus for wireless ment in the direction of desiredreception, a receiving coil common to said members, and a receivingdetector associated therewith, and conductive connections between saidcollecting members and said receiving coil such that electromotiveforces received simultaneously will combine differentially.

11. A receiving apparatus for wireless signals, comprising incombination, a pair of collecting members in substantial alignment inthe direction of desired reception, and having an effective horizontalseparation of an appreciable fraction of a wave length, a receiving coilcommon to said members, and a receiving detector associated therewith,and direct connections from said I uraitsman forces due to the staticwaves, a detector circuit and means for influencing said detectorcircuit by said combined current due to signal waves.

15. A receiving apparatus for wireless signaling comprising thecombination of a pair of collecting members tuned to the same frequency,a receiving coil connected to said members, a receiving detectorassociated therewith, and conductive connections from each of saidcollecting members to said receiving coil, such that electromotiveforces received simultaneously will c mbine differentially. collectingmembers to said receiving C011? 16. A receiving apparatus for wirelesssuch that electromotive forces received sisignals, comprising incombination, a plumultaneously will combine diflerentially.

12. A receiving apparatus for wireless signals, comprising means forsuccessively receiving the desired signals and for simultaneouslyreceiving static waves, conductive connections for combining thecurrents due to the former and opposing the electromotive forces due tothe latter effects,

a detector circuit, and means for influencing said detector circuit bysaid combined currents due to signal waves.

13. A receiving apparatus for wireless signaling comprising a pluralityof means tuned to the same frequency, for simultaneously receivingstatic waves; conductive connections for combining the signal currentsand opposing the electromotive force due to static impulses, a detectorcircuit and means for influencing said detector cir cuits by saidcombined currents due to signal waves.

14. A receiving apparatus for wireless signaling comprising a pluralityof collectors extending horizontally an appreciable fraction of a wavelength, adapted to be simultaneously affected by static waves, conralityof horizontally disposed collecting members having an effectiveseparation of an appreciable fraction of a wave length whereby desiredwaves are received successively and static waves simultaneously, aprimary receiving coil for said collecting members, a secondaryreceiving circuit associated therewith, and connections for thecollecting members through the primary coil, to points of equal andopposite potential for impulses received simultaneously by saidcollectors, whereby static impulses set up therein simultaneously willoppose and produce a minimum effect on said secondary circuit.

17. At a receiving station, an antennae system extending horizontally anappreciable fraction of a wave length comprising directive portionsdirectively arranged and conductive connections between said portionswhereby electromotive forces due to signal waves received in a givenorder are combined, and electromotive forces due to disturbancessimultaneously received are opposed therein.

ROY A. WEAGANT.

